What facilities are needed for municipal and park sewage treatment?

Municipal and industrial wastewater treatment requires a series of complex facilities to ensure effective treatment and meet discharge standards. These facilities can be roughly divided into several main parts, including pre-treatment facilities, biochemical treatment facilities, advanced treatment facilities, and auxiliary facilities.

1、 Preprocessing facilities

Pre treatment is the first step in sewage treatment, mainly used to remove large suspended particles, floating solids, and some organic matter in sewage, in order to protect the normal operation of subsequent treatment facilities. The main facilities include:

Grille: Grille is the first line of defense in sewage treatment, mainly used to remove large particles and impurities in sewage, such as leaves, plastic bags, etc. Through physical interception, the grille can effectively protect subsequent equipment and prevent damage.

Sand settling tank: The sand settling tank separates inorganic particles such as sand and coal slag from wastewater by gravity, further reducing the burden on subsequent treatment facilities.

Regulating pool: The regulating pool is used to homogenize water quality and quantity, ensuring the continuous and stable operation of subsequent treatment facilities.

2、 Biochemical treatment facilities

Biochemical treatment is the core process of sewage treatment, which removes pollutants such as organic matter, nitrogen, and phosphorus from sewage through the metabolic action of microorganisms. The main facilities include:

Activated sludge tank: Activated sludge tank is one of the main facilities for biochemical treatment, which uses microorganisms in activated sludge to degrade organic matter in sewage. Provide sufficient oxygen through aeration and other methods to promote the growth and reproduction of microorganisms.

Biofilm reactor: Biofilm reactor is another type of biochemical treatment facility that biodegrades wastewater through microbial membranes attached to a carrier. This method has the advantages of small footprint and high processing efficiency.

Aeration equipment: Aeration equipment is used to provide oxygen to biochemical treatment facilities, promoting the growth and reproduction of aerobic microorganisms. Common aeration methods include mechanical aeration and bubble aeration.

3、 Deep processing facilities

Deep treatment is the further removal of harmful substances such as recalcitrant organic matter and heavy metal ions from wastewater based on biochemical treatment, and the killing of harmful microorganisms such as bacteria and viruses in wastewater. The main facilities include:

Coagulation sedimentation tank: By adding coagulants, suspended solids and colloidal particles in wastewater are aggregated into larger flocs, thereby improving sedimentation efficiency.

Filtering equipment: such as sand filters, activated carbon filters, etc., used to further remove fine particles and organic matter from wastewater.

Disinfection equipment: Common disinfection equipment includes chlorine disinfection and ultraviolet disinfection, which can effectively kill pathogenic microorganisms in water and ensure that the effluent quality meets discharge standards.

4、 Auxiliary facilities

In addition to the main treatment facilities mentioned above, municipal and park sewage treatment also requires some auxiliary facilities to ensure the normal operation and maintenance of the entire treatment system. These facilities include:

Pump station: used to raise the height of sewage so that it can flow smoothly into the treatment plant.

Sludge treatment facilities, such as sludge dewatering machines and sludge drying beds, are used to treat the sludge generated during sewage treatment, reduce its volume, and facilitate subsequent disposal.

Monitoring and control system: Modern municipal and industrial wastewater treatment plants are usually equipped with advanced monitoring and automation systems, which can monitor water quality and equipment operation status in real time, ensuring the efficiency and safety of the wastewater treatment process.

In summary, municipal and industrial wastewater treatment requires a series of complex facilities to ensure effective treatment and meet discharge standards. The design, construction, and operation of these facilities must strictly comply with relevant standards and regulations to ensure the achievement of effluent quality and environmental protection goals.